Perennials for Outdoor LivingBF

WHAT IS A PERENNIAL?

Flowering perennials are herbaceous (non-woody) plants that die to the ground each fall and come up again each spring. Technically, they are defined as plants that live three years or longer. Some common examples are peonies, irises, daylilies and hostas. In contrast, an annual is a non_woody plant that only lives for one growing season and has to be replanted each spring. Examples of annuals include petunias, marigolds and impatiens.

SPIDERWORT
Tradescantia x andersoniana (1.5 ft. high x 3 ft. wide) Well recognized for their ability to tolerate poor soils, drainage and light conditions, these plants contribute a great deal of summer color to the landscape. 'Red Cloud' has rosy red flowers, 'Snowcap' is distinguished by pure satiny white blooms and 'Zwanenburg Blue' is noted for its large royal blue flowers.


YUNNAN MEADOW RUE
Thalictrum delavayi (2 - 3 ft. high x 2.5 ft. wide) This species blooms in summer with rose-violet flowers that are highlighted by yellow stamens. It makes a fine cut flower and has very graceful, fernlike foliage.


STONECROP "VERA JAMESON"
Sedum (1 - 2 ft. high x 1.5 ft. wide) These stonecrops form neat mounds of fleshy foliage and bloom from late summer until frost. They are long-lived, easily grown subjects for the landscape. 'Rosy Glow' and 'Vera Jameson' are both plants of low spreading habit. The former has dark ruby red flowers and blooms in late summer while the latter has maroon foliage with contrasting pink flowers in early fall. 'Autumn Joy' and Sedum spectabile 'brilliant' are taller and more upright in their growth habit. 'Autumn Joy' has flowers that open pink, turn salmon-pink and eventually mature to an attractive coppery-red. 'Brilliant' also blooms in late summer and fall but has deep pink flowers.


TOAD LILY
Tricyrtis hirta (2 - 3 ft. highx 2 ft. wide) Toad Lilies are wonderful natives that bloom late in the season, making them valuable for adding fall interest to the shady landscape. The flowers, clustered in the leaf axils and tips of the stems, have a mauve-white background and are heavily spotted with deep purple. Tricyrtis hirta 'Alba' is an attractive white flowered form.


LUNGWORT
Pulmonaria (8-15 in. highx 18 in wide) This is an important genus for early bloom and groundcover in the shade garden. The common name refers to the silvery spots that are present on the leaves of most types. 'Janet Fisk' has highly mottled leaves with a silvery effect from a distance and flowers that open pink and age to blue. The standard cultivar in the nursery trade, 'Mrs. Moon' has the same flower color but foliage that is not as highly spotted. 'Roy Davidson' is a recent release with long, narrow, spotted leaves and flowers that are a very subdued shade of blue.


GARDEN PHLOX
Phlox paniculata (2-4 ft. high x 2.5 ft. wide) Certainly among the best known prennial flowers, this group is highly valued for its long bloom period in summer and fall. Flower color ranges from white to various shades of pink, rose, lavender, purple and red often with a contrasting eye. 'Blue Boy' has unique lavender-blue flowers while 'Fairy's Petticoat' has large heads of pale pink flowers with darker eyes. The standard white cultivar, 'Fujiyama' is noted for its vigor, large florets and long bloom season. 'Starfire' is among the earliest blooming summer phlox and is a real eye-catcher with its brilliant display of cherry red flowers.


FALSE DRAGONHEAD
Physostegia virginiana (2-4 ft. high x spreading) This is a very easily grown plant that bears spikes of beautiful flowers in late summer and fall. In addition to its beauty in the garden, False Dragonhead also makes a fine cut flower. 'Pink Bouquet', as its name implies, has numerous bright pink flowers. 'Summer Snow' grows two feet tall, is earlier to flower and has pure white blooms.


ORANGE CONEFLOWER
Rudbeckia fulgida var. sullivantii 'Goldsturm' (2-3 ft. high x 2 ft. wide) Avery easily grown, pest-free long-lived perennial that is very popular. The golden yellow flowers have dark centers and remain showy over a long period in late summer and fall.


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